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Figure 3
VMN-Wnt5a grafts show no signs of tumor formation, proliferation, or cell expansion. Animals grafted with predifferentiated mouse ES cells (mESC) showed immunoreactivity for various markers of proliferating cells types including Oct3/4 (A), PCNA (B), and phospho–histone-3 (C), which were not seen in VMN and VMN-Wnt5a grafts (E–G and I–K, respectively). (D) Additionally, mouse ES cell grafts showed dense regions of nestin⁺ cells. Extremely few nestin⁺ cells were seen in very small clusters in select VMN grafts (H), and isolated nestin⁺ cells were observed in fewer VMN-Wnt5a grafts (L). Scale bar: 100 μm.